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Traditional Plants Used for Medicinal Purposes in Güroymak (Bitlis/Turkey) District

Acanthus montanus (Mountain thistle)

This study, conducted in 2020-2021 in Güroymak (Bitlis), is the first to document the traditional medicinal plant usage in the district. Researchers interviewed 120 participants from 29 villages with strong ethnobotanical knowledge. They identified 60 plant taxa from 26 families used to treat 30 different diseases. The most commonly used plants came from the Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, and Polygonaceae families. Frequently used species included *Malva neglecta*, *Rosa canina*, *Crataegus* species, and *Taraxacum kurdiciforme*. Digestive problems were treated with the most plants (27 taxa), followed by respiratory and skin conditions (11 taxa each).

Table 2. List of plants used for medicinal purposes in Güroymak

Species
Local names
Part used
Medicinal uses
Acanthus montanus
Urunhishi
Stem-twig, leaves
Syphilis,cough,emenic,urethral dischrge
Adhatoda buchhoizii
Fruits, whole plant
Rhumatism,antiinflammatoy
Asysasia calyciana
Orole
Leaves
skin diseases,weak erection,
Asysasia gangetica
lobiri,inana,ntiaturu
whole plant
snake antidote,piles,urethral discharge
Barleria opaca
Arenikosun
leaves
jaundice,laxatives,snake bite,hemorrhoids
Barleria maderaspatensis
ewe-asaju,ewe-isaju
whole plant
snake bite antidote
Hygrophila auriculata
mafowa,bayingiwa
whole plant
craw-craw,bacteriostatic
Hypostes forskalei
Ogbigbo
whole plant,roots
skin infections
Hypostes vertillaris
Ekere
whole plant,leaves
sore,fever,antiseptic,chest pains
Justicia flava
odian,oridun
whole plant
fungal skin diseases,malaria,stomach disorders
Justicia insularis
isepe-akera
whole plant
measles,mallpox
Nelsonia compestria
dandun-makiyaya
leaves,juice,twigs
yellow fever,inflammation,schistosomiasis
Phaulopsis falcisepala
Apa-ogbe
whole plant
wounds,skin parasites,laxative
Achyranthes spera
hakorin maciji
leaves,roots
stomach disorders,abortion,malaria
Alternantheras repens
Dagunro
whole plant
dysentry,antimicrobial,filariasis
Alternantheras selsilis
maikai dubu
whole plant,leaves
snake antidote,piles, astrigent, antibacterial
Amaranthus spinosus
Nanijingasaya
whole plant
abdominal pain,ulcers,gonorrhoea
Amaranthus viridis
leaves, roots
antihelminthics,dysentry,antipasmodic,diuretic
Celosia laxa
Mannafaa
leaves
antiscorbutic, purgative
Celosia argenta
fara-layatu
leaves, seeds
skin diseases, diarrhoea,antiscorbutic,anthelmintics
Philoxerus vermiculatus
leaves
hernia,inflammation
Anacardium occidentale
kasu,kanju
bark,leaf,fruits
malaria,elephantiasis,leprosy,ringworms
Antocaryon micraster
ifa-okete,egin-agbo
leaves,fruits
general toxic,laxative
Haematostaphis barteri
jan danya
stem,bark,root
emenic,tonic,hepatitis,sleeping sicknes
Heeria insignis
kasheshe,hawayenzaki
leves,stem,root,bark
anthelminthics,aphoradisiac,galactagogue
Isolana campanulata
Aghakeze
root,stem,bark
brochial infetions,skin diseases,hematuria
Mangifera indica
Mangoro
leaves,roots,stem,bark
highblood pressure,skin lesions,insomnia
Monodora tenuifolia
Sinin
leave,roots
Antihamorrhage,toothache,skin diseases
Annoa squamosa
Sharp -sharp,mbugo ago
Leaves,fruit,stem
Anaemia,dysentery,ulcer,anti -tumor
Annona sanegalensis
`
Root,bark,leaves,seed
Cancer,cough,veneral diseases
Anoridium manni
Ewuro –igbo
bark
Diarrhoea,cough,fever,rheumtism
Clestopholis paterns
Apako
Leaves,bark
Respiratory diseases,turberculosis
Enantia chlorantha
Osopupa,kakerim
Bark
Typhoid fever,hepatitis,jaundice,fever
Greenwayo dendronsuaveolens
Agudugbu
roots,leaves,bark
Easy labour,weak erectile
Hexalobus crispiflorus
lapawe, apara, oji ogoda
roots, whole plant
gonorrhoea, cough, malaria
Monodora myristica
Abo-lakoshe,ehuru
seeds
constipation,lice,guinea worms
Citrullus colocynthis
Egus bara
whole plant
Antimicrobials
Cucumeropsis manni
Eyen
leaves
Milk laxative
Coccinia barteri
ewe-ojo
whole plant
Veneral diseases
Cucumis melo
Burji
leaves,root
Fungal diseases
Cucurbita maxima
Kabewa
seeds,fruits
tape worms,taenicides
Cucumis prophetarum
fruits,pulp
Vermifuge
Bryophyllum pinnatum
Abomoda
leaves,root,leaf -sap
Kalenchoe crenata
ejeti,onwa
whole plant
small pox,convulsion,asthma
Brassica oleraceaecapitata
Kabeji
leaves,seed
Antimicrobial
Celestrus indica
ponju-owiwi
root,leaves,twigs
Antimicrobial,asthma,malaria
Celestrus senegalensis
Isepolohun
leaves,stem,root
Oedema,laxative,gonorrhea
Dichaetalum baneri
Ngbu ewa
seeds
Cough,rheumatism
Cochlospermum planchorii
Rawaya
roots,stem-bark
Gonorrhoea,menstrual disorder
Cochlospermum tinctorium
Balagande
whole plant
Virginal discharge,bilhazia
Chenopodium ambroiodes
asin,arunpale
whole plant
Anthelmintics,tumour
Cyperus esculentus
aya aya
whole plant
to induce vomiting,menstrual discharge
Mariscus alternifolius
Ranransa,ikeregun
stem-bases
Gonorrhoea,healing wounds
Acanthospermum,hispidum
kashin yawo
whole plant
yellow fever,turbaculosis,cough
Achillea millefolium
Yaro
flowers,leaves,seeds
haemostatic,wounds,piles
Ageratum conyzoides
Urata
whole plant
wounds,ulcers,sleeping sickness,eyewash
Ambrosia maritima
Makarfo
whole plant
syphilis,stimulant
Aspilla africana
yunyun,kalankuwa
leaves,flower
skin rashes,cleaning sores,corneal opacities
Bidens pilosa
abere,langanran
whole plant
anaesthetic,easy labour,abdoinnal pains
Blumia auria
whole plant
antipyretic,gastro intestinal pains
Centauriea perrottetii
Danyi
whole plant
skin infections,syphilis
Chromolaena odorata
akintola,obiarakara
leaves,stem-twigs
Antimicrobials,haemostatic,skin diseases
Chrysanthelium indicum
Abilere,oyigi
whole plant
boils,gonorrhoea,jaundice
Conyza canadensis
whole plant
gonorrhoea,genital diseases,antibacterials
Conyza sumatrensis
Olowojeja
whole plant
Antipyretic,asthma,tuberculosis
Echinacea purpurea
rhizome
Antimicrobial agents
Eclpa prostrata
Abikole,arojoku
leaves
Elephatiasis,liver ailments,convulsion
Elephantapus scaber
root,leaves
fever,cough
Emilia coccinea
Odundun
leaves,root,sap
ulcers,hernia,messles
Galinsoga parviflora
leaves
wounds,analgesic
Laggera alata
agemo-kogun,eru-taba
leaves,root,sap
fever,pneumonia,tapeworms
Laggera aurita
taba-ebora
whole plant
malaria,gasrointestinal pains
Matricaria recutita
flowers
Analgesic,antispasmodic
Microglossa abzelii
leaves,stem
tuberculosis,respiratory infections
Microglossa pyrifolia
leaves,root
antipyretic,abortifolant
Dichappetalum toxicarium
alo,ikunmu-agbo
stem,bark,stwigs,leaves
jaundice,poisonous to animals
Discorea dumentorum
Esuru,gussami
tuber,leaves
Analgesic,psychic trouble
Dracaena manni
peregun,akuku
root,leaves,ruit
Antimicrobial,skin diseases
Diospyros canaliculata
owe,oriloje
bark, leaves
Antimicrobial,leprosy
Diospyros mespliformis
kalwa,ige
root-bark, stem-bark
Bilhazia,fertility regulation
Acalypha fimbriata
Kandri
leaves
syphilis,asthma,antimicrobial,antifungal
Acalypha godseffiana
Jinwinini
leaves,twigs
skin infections,antimicrobials
Acalypha wikesiana
Jiwene
leaves,twigs
antimicrobials,constipation
Alchornea laxiflora
Pepe, ijan
Stem, root, leaves
Veneral disease,antioxidant
Antidesma venosum
Aroro
stem,bark
Anthelmintics
Bridelia ferruginea
iri,kirni
leaves,stem,bark,root
insomnia,mouth wash,gonorrhea
Croton lobatus
eru,namijin zaki,bansaa
root,bark,leaves
guinea worms,urinary disorders
Croton zambesicus
Ajekobale
leaves,twigs
file,gonorrhea
Drypetes florabunda
Asokara
stem
toothache,oral hygiene
Erythrococca anomala
iyere-igbo
fruits,leaves,leave-sap
joint pains,taeniacide
Euphorbia balsamifera
stem,latex
Dysentery
Euphorbia deightonii
ora agogo
leaves
women sterility
Euphorbia heterophylla
Egele
leaves,roots
skin diseases
Euphorbia hirta
nonon kurciya,odane
whole plant exudate
asthma,cough,shape of breasts
Euphorbia kamerurica
oro,ukoko
latex
Aid umbilicalcord drop-off
Euphobia laterifolia
oro were
leaves exudate
dermatosis,constipation
Makaranga barteri
asasa,owariwa
leaves,stem,bark
dysentery,urinary disorder
Mareya spicata
Uhosa
leaves,fruits,bark
skin infections,tape worms
Microdesmis puberula
Aringo,ukperi
leaves,seeds,bark
eye drop,diarrhea
Phyllanthus amarus
geron tsuntsaye
whole plants
jaundice,insomnia,antimicrobials
Caloncoba echinata
Ntuebi
whole plant and exudate
skin infections
Caloncoba glauca
Kakandika
seed,root,bark
leprosy,skin lesions
Mansonia senegalensis
oil
Emmenagogue
Curculigo piloza
Doyar kurege
roots
Leukaemia,gonorrhea
Hypoxis nyasica
whole plant
Uterine cancer
Harungana madagascariensis
Otoro,alilibarrafi
stem-bark,root-bark
piles,trypanasomiasis
irvingia gabonensis
oro,goron biri
leaves
sleen infections
Klainedoxa gabonensis
kanakoro,odudu
bark,seeds
measles,chicken pox,skin infections
Cassytha filiformis
Niginigini
stem-twigs
Antimicrobial,anti-funga,anthelminthics
Cinnamomum zeyianiam
Bark,leaves,oil
Typhoid fever,vomiting,nausea
Leonotis nepetifolia
Ekun
leaves,root
wound,purgative
Leucas martinicensis
keke-owu
leaves
snake bite antidote
Abrus precatorius
oju-ologbo,idon zakara
roots,leaves,seeds
conjuctivitis,antidote for poison,antimicrobials
Acacia auriculiformis
kasia eleti
bark
Astringent
Afrormosia laxiflora
shedun,makarfo
roots
intoxicant,body pains
Afzelia africana
Apa-igbo,akpalata
leaves,roots,bark,seeds
gonorrhoea,hernia
Albizia adiarthifolia
banabana,tsintsiyar kurmi
bark
gonorrhoea,night blindness,piles
Albizia ferruginea
Kurmii
root,stem,bark,leaves
constipation,fish poison
Albizia lebbeck
Igbagbo
seeds,leaves,stem,bark
river blindness,astringent
Albizia zygia
Ayinre-weere
bark
Arthritis,sprain
Anthonotha macrophylla
Abara
latex,bark
Gonorrhea,yellow fever
Arachis hypogea
Epa
nuts
Antimicrobials,insomnia
Bandeiraea simplicifolia
Kporekpo
leaves,bark
Urinary disorder,cancerous growth
Cajanus cajan
Orela
leaves,seeds
smallpox,mouth wash
Calliandra portoricensis
tude,oga
leaves,twigs,roots
convulsions,breas engogement
Clitoria ternatea
roots,leaves,seeds
gonorrhoea,ulcer
Dalbergia lactea
Ojiji
bark,stem-dust
pimples,ease labour
Daniellia oliveri
iya,kadaura
gum,bark
urinary tract infections
Daniellia thurifera
Iya
stew-wood dust
Scabies
Delorix regia
seke seke,ayin
leaves,bark,seeds,flower
diuretics,anthelmintics
Detaruyn nucricaroyn
taura,ogbogbo
bark,leaves
wounds,ulcers
Dialium guineense
tsamiyar kurmi
leaves,fruits,bark,twig
bronchitis,cough,diuretic
Dioclea reflexa
Agbarin,arin
seeds
Asthma head lice,dandruff
Glycine max
Ewa
seeds
Laxative
Glycyrrhiza glabra
roots
Expectorant,bronchitis
Guibourtia coplliere
kaluk ofoun
leaves,roots,fruits,exudate
blood booster
Indigofera arrecta
Elu aja
leaves,twigs
Diarrhoea,dysentery
Indigofera macrophylla
aniya makomiya
leaves
piles,enlargement of spleen and liver
Leucena leucocephala
leaves,seeds
Antimicrobials,blood tonic
Mepturnia oleracea
galajin ruwa
whole plants
yellow fever
Acacia ataxacantha
ihun,ewon- adele,sarkakiya
Young leaves
Dysentry,bark pain
Acacia nilotica
baani,gabaruwa
fruit,bark,exudate
skin diseases,fungal infections
Acacia sieberia
siyi,farakaya
bark,stem-twigs,leaves
Anti cancer,Athsma
Mucuna pruriens
Kakara
hairs on the pods
intestinal worms,genito-urinary disorders
Mundulea sericera
roots
anti parasites
Parkia biglobosa
Dorowa,igba
whole plant
tonic,mental disorders,obesity,diabete
Pentaclethra macrophylla
Apapa,pakala
leaves,bark,roots
Appetizer,general weakness,jaundice
Pericopsis laxiflora
bark
hypertension,insomnia
Baphia nitada
majigi,aboshi
leaves,bark
cancrous growth,urinary disorders
Baphia pubescens
Awewi
stem bark
antimicrobials,urinary infections
Bauhinia variegata
Root,leaves,bark
skin diseases,syphilis
Bauhinia caesalphiniaceae
Jinga
Root
Fever,dysentry
Berlinia grandiflora
Root,bark,stem
syphilis,skin diseases
Burkea africana
Apasa,orusi
Bark,twigs
Headache
Napoleona imperialis
Mabungi
twigs
Asthma,cough
Napoleona vogelii
ito,akbodo
whole plant
Diabetes,fever
Lycopodium cernuum
kuje-kuje
whole plant
New born skin management
Lawsonia inermis
Lalle
leaves,flower,bark
spermatorrhoea,jaundice,skin diseases
Species
Local names
Part used
Medicinal uses
Anthocleista djalonensis
shapo,kwari
bark,leaves
Purgative,rashes,eczema
Anthocleista vogelli
Apa oro,sapo
seeds,bark
Antidote for snake bite
Lobelia molleri
whole plant
Mental disorders,antimicrobial
Allium ascalonicum
Albasa maigo
Leaves, bulb
convulsion,dysentery
Allium cepa
Albsa
bulbs, leaves
cough, diuretic, antihelminthic
Allium sativum
Ayo, ayuu
bulb
fever,cough, asthma,antimicrobial
Aloe vera
ahon erin
leaves juice
purgative, guineaworms, breast cancer
Asparagus africana
aluki, sarka
whole plant
antimicrobial, kidney diseases
Gloriosa superba
mora, ewe-aje, baurere
tubers, leaves
gonorrhoea, headlice, antipyretic
Pancratium trianthum
alubosa-aloko, hatsin manoma
bulb
visual hallucinations, convulsions
Abelmochus esculentus
kubewa,ila
fruits,seeds
fever,gonorrhoea,catarrhal infections
Abutilon mauritianum
furu,kawo
leaves,roots
diarrhoea,piles,gonorrhea
Clappertonia facifolia
Bolobolo
leaves,roots
Cough
Hibiscus acetosella
Akese
leaves
Dysentery
Hibiscus asper
isapa,dangiraa
leaves
cough,wounds,diuretic
Hibiscus rosasinensis
kekeke,ireagu
leaves,stem,flower
influenza,wounds,diuretic
Hibiscus sabdariffa
sobo,gurguzuu
leaves,flowers
Diuretics,cough,dressing wounds
Hibiscus surattensis
Akonimara,emo
whole plant,leaves
Abdominal pain
Flabellaria peniculata
lagbo-lagbo
leaves
wound,cuts
Azadiracta indica
Dogon yaro,bedi
leaves,stem,bark,seeds
Malaria,jaundice,anthelmintics,syphilis
Ekebergia senegalensis
madacin dutse,ayape
trunk,bark,root
Insomnia,root powder induce sneezing
Chasmanthera dependens
Ato-oloriraun
root
Diuretic,management of fracture
Cissampelos owariensis
Damargaji
whole plant
Lung diseases,diuretic,blood tonics
Cocparnus pendulus
root
Antipyretic
Discoreophyllum cummisii
Inunurin
Fruits,leaves,root
Diabetes,Obesity
Embelia guineasis
leaves,root
Anthelmintics,skin diseases
Embelia schimperi
Kiru
stem-bark,leaves
Antispasmodic,anthelmintic
Gisekia pharmacicides
leaves,fruits
wounds,cut
Moringa oleifera
zogale,bagaruwar makka
whole plant
Inflammatory diseases,veneral diseases
Antiaris africana
Ooro, Ayo, Farinloko
stem-bark, root bark,sap
Epilepsy, lumbago,Irritation
Artocarpus altilis
Berefruit, Berefuruhu,Jaloke
Roots, Fruits, Wood
Fevers, Sedative
Dorstenia prorepens
Alaifo, Aloifo
Stem, Twig, Leaves
Nephrosis,antimicrobials
Ficus capensis
opoto, farin bauree
leaf,stem,root,fruits
Dysentery,oedema,leprosy,gonorrhoea
Ficus elegans
Asoro
leaves
piles,constipation,craw-craw
Ficus exasperata
Epin
leaves,bark,roots,seeds
stomach disorders,scabies,urinary ailments
Ficus mucosa
Janbaure
bark of stem
insomnia
Nymphaea lotus
Bado
whole plant
vomiting,anti-tumour
Boerhaavia diffusa
Baba juji,eso
bark,leaves,fruit,flower
Blood tonic,emolient
Neprolepsis bisserata
Iramu
whole plant
pregnancy booster
Jussiaea linifoliio
Bini-sensen
leaves
Malaria
Ludwigia suffruticossa
Ako ewuro odo
whole plant
Anthelmintics,purgative
Olax subscorpioidea
gwanon rafi
whole plant
Yellow fever,veneral diseases,mental disorders
Eulophia millosoni
Rhizome
Aphrodisiac
Lophira alata
Eki,uda
Root,bark,seeds,leaves
Fever,jaundice
Ouratea flava
Nkanka
leaves,fruit
Laxative,vitaminss
Opilia celtidifolia
Inuwar gada
Root,stem
Anthelmintics
Oxalis corniculata
oneku,tsuku
leaves
Fever,warts,boils
Adenia cissampeloides
arokeke,godogbo
leaves,stem,bark
hypertension,nervous disorders,antimicrobials
Adenia venenata
dodo,yaga,arokeke
whole plant
bronchitis,syphilis
Eichhornia crassipes
mako,omi
whole plant
Skin care
Hilleria latifolia
Ogo,akaato
whole plant
Breast cancer,urethral discharges
Sanguinolenta cryptolepia
root,stem
Antipyretic,antimicrobial,urinary infections
Pedalum murex
whole plant
Gonorrhoea,enlarged spleen
Antigonon leptopus
leaves
antimicrobials
Areca catechu
nut
urinary tract infections,anthelmintics
Borassus aaethiopum
Uburu
Roots,juie of nut
Respiratory disorders
Cocos nucifera
Agbon,kwakwa
bark,roots,nut
Bronchitis,liver ailments,scabies
Piper nigrum
Fruits
diuretic,piles,rheumatic pains
Piper umbellatum
eweefon,iwere
leaves,roots,fruits
Rheumatism,inflammatory tumours,diuretic
Gouania longipetata
Laghosa
stem-twigs
Gum infections
Amaralia bignoniflora
Unemuo
leaves,seeds
cough,rheumatic pain
Borreria verticillata
Irawo
leaves,seeds
Gonorrhoea,anti-leprosy,antibilharziasis
Cepphaelis manni
leaves,bark,roots
wounds,antipyretic,dysentry
Cinchona offinalis
bark
malaria,antibacterial
Coffea arabica
kofi,gahwa
kernels
stimulant,rheumatism,diuretic
Citrus aurantifolia
Dankabuya
whole plant
jaundice,abdominal ulcer,scurvy,antimicrobial
Citrus limon
Babban lemu
whole plant
Antipyretic,colds
Allphylus africanus
Alarto
leaves,root,bark
piles,veneral diseases,anthelmintics
Blighia unijugata
ako-isin
root,leaves,stem,bark
Diabetes,postanatal haemorrhage
Blighia sapida
gwanja kusa
leaves,fruits,bark
Malaria
Dodonaea viscosa
leaves
Sore throat
Brucea antidysentrica
root,bark
cancer
Hannoa klaineana
Takardar giwa,igigun
stem,root
Hypertension
Buchcholzia coriaceae
Uwuro
Fruit,bark
Antimicrobials,respiratory disorders
Cola acuminata
Oji
fruits,nuts
Fever
Cola caricifolia
Ogugu
leaves
Eye infections,ring worm
Cola laurifolia
Karanga
twigs,stem,bark
Toothache
Cola milleni
obi-edun
leaves,fruit
Ringworms,scabies
Cola nitida
Obi gbanjo
stem,bark,seeds,kernel
Diarrhoeas
Hildegradia barteri
Kariya
bark
Epilepsy
Butyrospermum paradoxum
kadanya,osisi
seeds
Nasal decongestion and cattarhal conditions
Chrysophyllum albidum
osan balumo
bark,leaves
Fever
Baccopa monnifera
whole plant
Cough,catarrh,bronchitis
Casearia barteri
Ukpakuzon
stem,twigs,bark
Oral hygeine
Gnidia kraussiana
mada,sungoje,tururibi
roor,stem
Leprosy,skin diseases
Leptogramma pillosiasaila
Rhizome
Diabetes,obesity
Glyphaea brevis
Atory
whole plant
Respiratory ailments
Grewia venusta
Dargaza
leaves,stem,twigs,bark
fever,boils,ease labour
Celtis midbraedii
uta,aziza
root
Arthritis
Clerodendrum paniculatum
ora-ojola,adabi
root,leaves
Anthpyretic,anthelmintics
Clerodendrum capitalum
Feregede,illiri
leaves,root
Anthelmintics,dysentry,gonorrhoea
Clerodendrum umbellatum
leaves
Wouns,cut
Duranta repens
fruits
Anthelmintics
Lantana camara
Kimba
leaves
fever,aniseptic
Lippia multiflora
Toromaba
whole plant
Hypertension,antipyretic
Hybanthus enneaspermus
Abiwere
whole plant
Easy and painless child delivery
Afrormosia granum-paraisi
oburo-wawa
roots
anthelmintics
Aframomum scretrum
oburo-etu,oguro
seeds,leaves
Measles,small pox
Aframomun melegueta
Citta
leaves,seeds
stimulant,anthelmintics,small pox
Curcuma longa
Gangamu
tubers
jaundice,anti-tumour,eye wash
Kaempfena nigerica
rhizome
Mental disorders,hallucinogenic agent
Balanites aegyptiaca
Aduwa,badure
root,fuits,seeds,bark
Anthelmintics,skin diseases
Guaiacum officinale
Stem
Urinary disorders,diuretic
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Herbs of Turkey - Güroymak (Bitlis/Turkey) District (0 downloads )

Source: Demir Ü, Demir İ, 2022. Traditional Plants Used for Medicinal Purposes in Güroymak (Bitlis/Turkey) District.
Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(2): 609-621

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